What type of bacteria can grow in environments where there is no oxygen present?

The correct choice, Clostridium botulinum, is a type of bacteria that thrives in anaerobic conditions, meaning it can grow and reproduce in environments devoid of oxygen. This characteristic makes it particularly dangerous, as it can produce toxins that lead to severe foodborne illness, known as botulism.

Clostridium botulinum spores can survive in improperly canned goods, smoked meats, and other low-oxygen foods. When these conditions are favorable—like in sealed, low-acid environments—the spores can germinate and produce potent neurotoxins.

Understanding the growth conditions of different bacteria is crucial for food safety. For instance, while Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria monocytogenes prefer aerobic environments with oxygen and are not classified as anaerobic bacteria, recognizing the specific conditions favorable for bacteria like Clostridium botulinum can help in preventing foodborne illnesses.